math2gloss

It is defined as the instantaneous rate of change and geometrically is the angular coefficient of the line tangent to a curve F. GIOVANNI, JOSE RUY. Mathematics. São Paulo: FTD, [1992]. 263 ISBN 85-322-2253-6

When we talk about, for example, “function A in B” (f: A     B) means that “there is a relation between the elements of set A and the elements of set B”. This relation is always specific and determined. However, to be a function, each element of set A must have only one correspondent in set B (Picture 1). The set A is called domain – D (f), the set B is called codomain and the function assumed values are called the image – Im (f). In the function graphic there are the coordinates x and y which represents, respectively, the domain and the codomain (Picture 2). Still observing the Picture 2, we notice the parabola indicates the coordinate Y dots which correspond to the function image. There are algebraic functions (Picture 2), that include a finite number of algebraic operations, and transcendental functions that are exponential, logarithmic, trigonometrical (Picture 3) and others. ReferencE- FERNANDES, D.B.(Org). Calculo diferencial. São Paulo : ...

Rates of change occur in many practical applications. Generally, if x and y are quantities related by an equation y = f (x). There is a distinction between the average rate of change, represented by the slope of the secant line, and the instantaneous rate of change, represented by the slope of the tangent line. We consider the average rate of change at decreasing intervals, making x2 tend to x1, and hence tend to zero. The limit of the average rates of change is called the instantaneous rate of change of y in relation to x, and is described by:

The logarithm had its origin in the seventeenth century, in the year 1614. The concept was created by john Naiper, the person in charge of the elaboration of the first table of logarithm, that was a table of numbers that presented the value of the mantissas( decimal part of the logarithm).  Another very important schoar for formalization of the logarithm was Joost Burgi . He developed his studies in parallel to those of Naiper, but he divulged his results belatedly, for it was only in 1620 that he published his tablets .At that time , the boards of Naiper were already spread thoughout the european continent.                    Reference  -  www.brasilescola.uol.br/matematica/logaritmo.html. atualizado 2015 , acesso 2017 

Quocient is a word that derives from the Latin term "quotiens", whose meaning is "how many times". The word is used to denote the result of an arithmetic division. Since it is an integer division, the quotient is the value obtained from the dividend, subtracted from the rest, dividing by the divisor.

(f continues in [a,b], F is a derivative in [a,b] )       (a - is the lower bound of integration;) (b - is the upper bound of integration;)    (f(x) - is the integrand;) Integral defined:  contains an initial value that is called the lower limit, and a final value called the   upper limit. The fundamental theorem of calculus is the basis of two central operations of calculus, differentiation, and integration, which are inverse each other, if a continuous function is first integrated, and then differentiated (or vice versa) returns to the original function. reference: (autor desconhecido; integral definida; disponível em <http://www.factosfera.com.br/2015/12/tudo-sobre-integrais-definidas-e.html> Acesso em: 18/03/2017)